Reporting Process
The determination of sustainability reporting content is aligned with Airports of Thailand’s (AOT) enterprise-wide risk management approach, the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) Standards 2021, and the Double Materiality principle. AOT reviews and defines material sustainability topics on an annual basis.
In 2025 (Fiscal Year 2025), AOT reviewed its material sustainability issues by taking into consideration various factors such as changes in applicable laws, regulations, national and international assessment standards, as well as emerging global trends in both sustainability and the aviation business. To address the expectations of all stakeholder groups, AOT conducted an analysis of both positive and negative impacts arising from its operations, as well as external risks and opportunities that may affect the organization’s performance.
The materiality assessment process comprises four key steps:
Step 1: Review of Previous Material Sustainability Issues
AOT collects and reviews information from all business activities, including airport services and capacity expansion across its six airports, as well as from its seven stakeholder groups—customers; shareholders, investors, and securities analysts; operational partners; communities and society; regulatory authorities; media; and AOT personnel—throughout the value chain. AOT also considers economic, environmental, and social issues relevant to its operations in order to understand its organizational context.
This comprehensive information serves as the basis for reviewing and determining AOT’s material sustainability topics. In addition, AOT conducts benchmarking against peer companies with similar business operations, as well as relevant national and international standards, trends, and assessment frameworks, to compare current market developments and continuously update its material sustainability topics in alignment with evolving standards and best practices.
Step 2: Impact Identification
AOT analyzed and identified the economic, environmental, and social impacts resulting from its business operations. This process covered both positive and negative impacts—whether direct or indirect—arising from various activities carried out by AOT. Impact identification was conducted through stakeholder engagement activities, including workshops and opinion surveys, to ensure a clear understanding of the extent to which these impacts affect stakeholders and how they align with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Step 3: Impact Analysis
AOT developed a weighted heat map based on calculated scores for each material sustainability topic. This analysis incorporated benchmarking of peer companies and the review of national and international standards, trends, and assessment frameworks at both national and international levels. These include, for example, S&P Global’s sustainability assessment under the Dow Jones Best in Class Indices, the United Nations Global Compact (UNGC), the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB), the Stock Exchange of Thailand’s sustainability assessment (SET ESG Ratings), and preparations for the Stock Exchange of Thailand’s transition toward sustainability assessments aligned with frameworks such as FTSE Russell.
Step 4: Consolidation of Material Sustainability Issues
Based on AOT’s 2024 review and assessment of material sustainability issues, the issues were prioritized into three levels: Highest Priority, High Priority, and Priority. This categorization enables AOT to effectively plan and respond to sustainability challenges and opportunities. The finalized material issues were presented to the President for approval and endorsement prior to public disclosure.
AOT’s Material Sustainability Topics.
In 2025, AOT identified and reviewed a total of 13 material sustainability issues, taking into consideration the expectations and concerns of both internal and external stakeholders. These issues comprehensively cover the economic, social, and environmental dimensions as follows:
| Materiality Level | Material Sustainability Topics | SDGs |
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| Value Creation | 1. Energy and Climate Change |
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| 2. Community Relations |
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| 3. Airport Safety and Security |
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| 4. Corporate Governance, Risk Management, and Business Ethics |
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| 5. Infrastructure, Airport Capacity, and Business Opportunities |
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| 6. Digital Technology and Innovations |
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| Enabler | 7. Human Capital Management |
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| 8. Human Rights |
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| 9. Occupational Health and Safety |
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| 10. Customer Satisfaction |
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| 11. Information Security and Privacy Protection |
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| Fundamentals | 12. Environmental Management |
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| 13. Supply Chain Management |
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Remarks: * The issues on corporate governance, risk management and business ethics are the fundamental issues of business operations that have already been disclosed in the Annual Registration Statement/Annual Report (Form 56-1 One Report). Therefore, the information is not included in this report.
Material Issues for Enterprise Value Creation
Energy and Climate Change
Energy efficiency and active participation in climate change mitigation are key issues that contribute to AOT’s long-term revenue generation, as sustainability-focused investors place significant emphasis on energy and climate-related performance (ESG Investing).
Moreover, energy and climate initiatives can also reduce AOT’s long-term operational costs. Examples include the adoption of solar energy and preparedness for evolving regulatory requirements related to greenhouse gas emissions in Thailand, as well as efforts to reduce energy consumption and enhance energy efficiency.
| Category | Material Issues for Enterprise Value Creation |
| Risks |
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| Opportunities | Active participation in climate change mitigation and greenhouse gas reduction through renewable energy adoption enhances long-term investment attractiveness, particularly among ESG-focused investors. |
| Business Strategies |
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| Corporate Targets and Leadership KPIs |
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Airport Safety and Security
Airport safety encompasses the management of the internal building environment, facilities and equipment, traffic systems, emergency evacuation procedures, and disease prevention measures. These elements form a fundamental safeguard to protect passengers, airlines, tenants, and AOT personnel.
In addition, security measures to prevent and respond to misconduct or unlawful acts are critical to maintaining stakeholder confidence, ensuring public safety, and safeguarding the continuity of airport operations. Effective management of airport safety and security therefore plays a vital role in strengthening AOT’s corporate reputation and supporting the long-term sustainability of its business operations.
| Category | Material Issues for Enterprise Value Creation |
| Risks |
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| Opportunities | - |
| Business Strategies |
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| Corporate Targets and Leadership KPIs |
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Corporate Governance, Risk Management, and Business Ethics
AOT is committed to managing its operations in accordance with AOT’s corporate governance principles, best practices for directors of listed companies, and the relevant rules, regulations, and guidelines of the Stock Exchange of Thailand and the Securities and Exchange Commission. AOT also remains dedicated to continuously enhancing its corporate governance practices toward internationally recognized standards of excellence.
Good corporate governance is of paramount importance to all stakeholder groups. Shareholders and investors are assured of transparent and fair management, leading to long-term value creation and sustainable returns on investment. Customers and service users receive high-quality, safe, and equitable services, supported by effective channels for feedback and grievance handling. Employees and personnel benefit from fair treatment and clear governance standards, fostering a culture of integrity, accountability, and responsible business conduct throughout the organization.
| Category | Material Issues for Enterprise Value Creation |
| Risks |
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| Opportunities | - |
| Business Strategies |
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| Corporate Targets and Leadership KPIs |
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Infrastructure, Airport Capacity and Business Opportunities
The development of modern and well-prepared airport infrastructure is a critical factor in supporting the growth of the aviation industry. AOT therefore places strong emphasis on the design and enhancement of terminal buildings, facilities, traffic systems, and related equipment to efficiently accommodate passengers, tenants, and airlines. This includes ensuring accessibility and inclusive services for persons with disabilities, the elderly, and individuals with special needs.
In addition, convenient and environmentally friendly transportation access to airports plays a vital role in enhancing the overall passenger experience while creating long-term business opportunities for the organization.
| Category | Material Issues for Enterprise Value Creation |
| Risks |
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| Opportunities |
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| Business Strategies |
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| Corporate Targets and Leadership KPIs |
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Human Capital Management
AOT’s business operations rely on knowledgeable and capable personnel. To enable employees to perform at their full potential, the Company places strong emphasis on comprehensive human resource management across multiple dimensions. These include ensuring quality employment conditions, implementing performance-based evaluation and incentive systems without discrimination, and promoting overall employee well-being.
Such principles form the foundation of AOT’s human capital management approach, encompassing employee development, talent attraction and retention, fair labor practices, appropriate compensation and benefits, as well as respect for diversity and inclusion. AOT is committed to being an organization that provides meaningful work and enhances the quality of life for its personnel. This commitment also reinforces human rights in the workplace, including fair employment, equal treatment, respect for diversity, and freedom of association and collective bargaining.
| Category | Material Issues for Enterprise Value Creation |
| Risks |
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| Opportunities | Human capital development creates competitive advantage through service excellence and innovation driven by AOT employees, leading to enhanced passenger and customer satisfaction. |
| Business Strategies |
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| Corporate Targets and Leadership KPIs | Successful implementation of corporate culture and core values enhancement initiatives |
Material Issues for External Stakeholders
Energy and Climate Change
The management and expansion of airport infrastructure require energy consumption and result in greenhouse gas emissions, both directly from AOT’s operations and indirectly through its supply chain. These activities contribute to climate change, which may in turn generate long-term impacts on communities and society, including increasingly severe natural disasters compared to historical averages.
Effective energy and climate management by AOT therefore plays a crucial role in mitigating such impacts on surrounding communities. At the same time, it enables the Company to respond to the expectations of key stakeholder groups, including financial management, shareholders, investors, securities analysts, and regulatory authorities, who place growing emphasis on sustainable investments, sustainability-focused funds, and compliance with international sustainability standards.
| Category | Material Issues for External Stakeholders |
| Source of Impact | AOT’s operations, including aircraft activities and passenger services within airport premises, rely on energy consumption and result in greenhouse gas emissions. |
| Impact | Greenhouse gas emissions contribute to climate change and create adverse impacts on surrounding communities in the form of air pollution and increased severity of natural disasters over the long term. |
| Impact Assessment |
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Community Relations
Engagement with society and local communities is a key element in enabling airports to operate sustainably alongside surrounding areas. AOT places strong emphasis on stakeholder dialogue, impact mitigation, and supporting improvements in community well-being through initiatives that enhance quality of life and foster positive relationships with local residents.
Such efforts not only help reduce potential conflicts but also strengthen trust in the organization and support long-term business growth.
| Category |
Material Issues for External Stakeholders (Material Issues for External Stakeholders) |
| Source of Impact | AOT’s operations, including aircraft activities and passenger services within airports, rely on natural resource consumption and generate waste as well as air and noise pollution. |
| Impact | Communities surrounding airports may be affected by air and noise pollution, as well as water scarcity during drought conditions. Impacts may also extend to communities located near AOT’s waste disposal sites. |
| Impact Assessment |
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Digital Technology and Innovations
The adoption of digital technologies and innovation plays a vital role in enhancing the speed and efficiency of airport services, improving convenience, and reducing passenger congestion.
In addition, the digitalization of internal documentation and data management systems, together with the promotion of an innovation-driven culture and mindset among personnel, are key factors in elevating operational excellence and advancing AOT toward becoming a truly innovation-driven organization.
| Category |
Material Issues for External Stakeholders (Material Issues for External Stakeholders) |
| Source of Impact | The adoption of digital technology and innovation at airports is driven by the need to enhance the speed, efficiency, and safety of service delivery, as well as to reduce congestion, mitigate pandemic-related risks, and improve internal processes by transitioning documentation and workflows to digital systems. This supports modern operations and meets the expectations of service users in the digital era. |
| Impact | The use of digital technology and innovation at airports enables passengers and external stakeholders to experience faster, more convenient, and safer services. It also delivers benefits through more efficient, digitized operational processes, aligning with the expectations of passengers and stakeholders in the digital era. |
| Impact Assessment |
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Environmental Management
Airport operations, as well as the development and expansion of infrastructure, require systematic management of business-related impacts to effectively control both positive and negative effects on various stakeholder groups. Particular attention is given to regulatory authorities, shareholders, investors, and securities analysts, who have clear expectations regarding AOT’s environmental performance.
The key environmental aspects prioritized by AOT include noise management, air quality, water and wastewater management, waste management, and biodiversity. These environmental issues may have wide-ranging impacts in multiple forms. AOT recognizes the importance of proactively addressing potential environmental risks through established environmental measures and management plans to ensure operations are aligned with long-term environmental sustainability.
| Category | Material Issues for External Stakeholders |
| Source of Impact | AOT’s operations, including aircraft activities and passenger services within airports, rely on natural resource consumption and generate waste, as well as air and noise pollution. |
| Impact | Communities surrounding airports may experience air and noise pollution, water scarcity during drought conditions, and impacts related to waste disposal sites operated by AOT. |
| Impact Assessment |
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AOT's Stakeholders
AOT identifies and selects its key stakeholders by considering parties that may be significantly affected by, or have significant influence over, its business operations throughout the value chain. The Company also prioritizes its stakeholders as follows: 1. Customers 2. AOT personnel 3. Operational partners
(Source: AOT Stakeholder Master Plan FY2024–2027 (Revised FY2024), Stakeholder Analysis and Prioritization, page 89)
In addition, AOT applies defined criteria to identify key airport community areas. Priority is given to study areas determined under the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), areas designated under the Airport Emergency Plan, and areas identified through aircraft noise contour assessments.
AOT engages with each stakeholder group through structured management and response processes comprising four key approaches:
Access and relationship building
Learning and case study development
Establishing operational guidelines and assessing business impacts
Integrating lessons learned into practices and continuously improving processes
Stakeholder Impact Boundary
AOT identifies the stakeholder impact boundaries for each material sustainability issue to ensure effective management and alignment with the expectations of each key stakeholder group, as follows:
| Material Sustainability Topics | Scope of Stakeholder Impact | |||||||
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| Internal | External | |||||||
| AOT Employees | Customers | Business Alliances | Regulators | Communities & Society | Media | Shareholders, Investors, and Analysts | ||
| Economic Dimension | Corporate Governance | ✓ | - | ✓ | ✓ | - | - | ✓ |
| Risk Management | ✓ | - | ✓ | ✓ | - | - | ✓ | |
| Business Ethics | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
| Infrastructure, Capacity, and Business Opportunities | - | ✓ | ✓ | - | ✓ | - | ✓ | |
| Supply Chain Management | - | ✓ | ✓ | - | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
| Digital Technology and Innovation | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | - | ✓ | |
| Information Security and Data Privacy | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
| Social Dimension | Customer Satisfaction | - | ✓ | ✓ | - | - | ✓ | - |
| Airport Safety and Security | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | - | |
| Occupational Health and Safety | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | - | - | |
| Human Rights | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
| Human Capital Development | ✓ | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Community and Social Engagement | ✓ | - | - | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | - | |
| Environmental Dimension | Energy and Climate Change | - | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Natural Resource and Environmental Management | - | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
Stakeholder expectation management and response processes
| Stakeholder | Engagement Methods | Expectations | Responses to Expectations | |
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| (1) Customers |
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| (2) Business Alliances |
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| (3) Shareholders, Investors, and Securities Analysts |
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| (4) Regulatory |
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| (5) Communities and Society |
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| (6) AOT Employee |
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| (7) Media |
Media refers to organizations, institutions, individuals, or groups of individuals that influence AOT by serving as intermediaries in disseminating information about AOT’s operations to the public through various channels such as:
Classified into two categories:
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